Which type of training focuses on building muscle size?

The correct answer is bodybuilding, which specifically emphasizes hypertrophy, or the increase in muscle size. Bodybuilding routines typically involve lifting moderate to heavy weights with higher repetitions to create micro-tears in muscle fibers. This process stimulates muscle growth during recovery, leading to larger muscle mass over time. Bodybuilders strategically plan their training, nutrition, and recovery to optimize muscle development.

In contrast, cardiovascular training is primarily focused on improving the efficiency of the cardiovascular system and increasing endurance rather than muscle size. It's characterized by activities such as running, cycling, and swimming, which can lead to some muscle toning but not substantial hypertrophy.

Powerlifting, while involving heavy weight training, is oriented more toward maximizing strength in three specific lifts: the squat, bench press, and deadlift. The goal is to lift the maximum amount of weight possible, not to increase muscle size per se, making hypertrophy a secondary benefit rather than the primary focus.

Circuit training incorporates a variety of exercises in a sequence with minimal rest, targeting multiple fitness components such as strength, endurance, and cardiovascular fitness. While it can improve overall fitness and muscle tone, it is not specifically aimed at increasing muscle size when compared to bodybuilding.